Table 1 Baseline of clinical and laboratory characteristics of the study groups. Healthy control (HC) and adolescents subjects suffering from moderate intellectual disabilities (MID) (n = 300; mean ± SD)

Age in years

14.86 ± 2.5

14.9 ± 1.5

0.123

Genders (B/G)

120/60

80/40

0.13

BMI (kg/m2)

18.6 ± 2.3

32.8 ± 6.3

0.001

Waist (cm)

79.3 ± 5.1

116.3 ± 8.3

0.001

Hips (cm)

92.5 ± 2.6

78.9 ± 11.8

0.001

WHR

0.79 ± 0.029

1.47 ± 0.16

0.001

WHtR

0.46 ± 0.05

0.89 ± 0.09

0.001

Physical activity (PA):

0.01

 VO₂ max (ml/kg*min)

32.6 ± 4.31

21.3 ± 2.1

 BMR (kcal/day)

3.6 ± 2.5

1.36 ± 1.4

 TEE (kcal/day)

6.7 ± 5.3

2.9 ± 1.6

 PA scores

4.9 ± 3.1

1.9 ± 1.25

WISC- IQ test scores

93.8 ± 2.6

39.2 ± 3.1

0.001